BHUTAN - is a little kingdom its deeply hidden part of the eastern Himalaya with an area of about 47,000sq.km. It is bordered with Chinese Tibet and North Eastern India. The country has very high mountains, fertile valleys, and thick forests. Bhutan is ruled by hereditary monarchy since 1907. The present monarch King Jigme Singye Wangchuk was crowned in 1974 and has taken the kingdom from virtual isolation to the new millennium of prosperous modernization. The process is still on but not at the cost of the country's rich tradition and heritage. The present population of Bhutan is about 2.1 million, comprising three ethnic groups - the Sarchops in the east, the Ngalongs in the central, and west and the Lhotshampas in the south. The country is subdivided into 20 administrative districts under a decentralized system of governance.
It can be divided into three major geographic regions, from north to south: the high Himalaya of the north, the hills, and valleys of the center, and the foothills and plains of the south. The climate varies widely depending on the elevation. In the southern border areas it is tropical; at the other extreme, in the high Himalayan regions, there is perpetual snow. Temperatures in the far south range from 15ºC in winter to 30ºC in summer. In Paro the range is from -5ºC in January to 30C in July, with 800mm of rain. In the high mountain regions the average temperature is 0C in winter and may reach 10C in summer, with an average of 350mm of rain.
Also Bhutan is the last bastion of Mahayana Buddhism. Legend says that the famous Buddhist saint Guru Padmasambhava brought this religion to Bhutan in the middle of the 8th century A.D. riding upon a flying tigress the guru alighted in Taktshang in Paro. Taktshang monastery is of great importance even today to the practitioners of Mahayana Buddhism. In modern Bhutan, the spiritual system continues to thrive with the Je Khenpo (chief Abot) in charge of the monastic school.